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Page 1 of 2 Tingkat ketidaklulusan peserta UAN untuk jenjang tiap tahun semakin meningkat.Bahkan ada beberapa sekolah yang hampir semua siswanya tidak lulus. Hal ini dapat berdampak positif dan negatif pada diri siswa tersebut, baik yang telah menjalaninya maupun yang akan menjalaninya. Hal yang sangat dikhawatirkan adalah jikalau fenomena itu menjadi anacaman dan sumber ketakutan bagi siswa itu sendiri yang berakibat pada menurunnya motivasi belajar siswa, depresi, dan penolokan terhadap ujian akhir nasional. Mereka adalah orang-orang yang kalah sebelum bertempur.
Berikut ini penulis utarakan beberapa bentuk rekasi negatif siswa terhadap ujian akhir nasional yang penulis kumpulkan dari beberapa referensi dan hasil diskusi perkuliahan.
REAKSI NEGATIF
Reaksi negatif dapat diartikan sebagai sebagai usaha seseorang dalam mengkonformikan keadaan lingkungan dengan keadaan diri melalui ucapan, sikap, atau tindakan yang tidak sesuai dengan norma dan aturan yang berlaku. Ada beberapa bentuk reaksi negatif, yaitu reaksi bertahan (defence reaction), reaksi meyerang (aggresive reaction), dan reaksi melarikan diri (escape reaction)
1. Reaksi bertahan (defence reaction)
Siswa berusaha untuk mempertahankan dirinya, seolah-olah tidak mengalami kegagalan. Ia selau berusaha menunjukkan kepada semua orang bahwa dirinya tidak mengalami kegagalan. reaksi ini dapat berbentuk:
a. Rasionalisasi, yaitu bertahan dan mencari-cari alasan untuk membenarkannya.
b. Repressi, yaitu berusaha menekan perasaannya kealam bawah sadar.
c. Proyeksi, melemparkan sebab kegagalan dirinya kepada pihak lain
d. Sour grapes, memutarbalikkan kenyataan
2. Reaksi menyerang (aggressive reaction)
Reaksi ini ditandai dengan tingkah laku siswa yang bersifat menyerang. Siswa tersebut tidak mau menyadarinya akan menutupi kegagalannya tersebut.
Reaksi menyerang ditandai dengan tngkah laku:
a. Selalu membenarkan diri sendiri
b. Mau berkuasa terhadap situasi
c. Bersikap senang mengganggu orang lain
d. Menggertak baik dengan ucapan maupun perbuatan
e. Menunjukkan sikap permusuhan secara terbuka
f. Menunjukkan skap menyerang secara terbuka
g. Keras kepala dalam perbuatannya
h. Bersikap balas dendam
i. Memaksakan kehendak
j. Tindakan serampangan
k. Marah secara sadis
3. Reaksi melarikan diri (escape reaction)
Dalam reaksi ini orang mempunyai penyesuaian salah akan melarikan diri dari situasi yang menimbulkan kegagalan seperti berfantasi, banyak tidur, minum-minuman keras, bunuh diri, menjadi pecandu NAPZA, dan regresif.
DIMANAKAH DIRI KITA?
Setalah mengetahui beberapa bentuk reaksi negatif beserta tanda-tandanya. Sekarang kita dapat mengetahui reaksi mana yang dialami oleh anak-anak kita, murid-murid kita, keluarga atau bahkan diri kita sendiri. Masing masing reaksi memilki resiko tersendiri, sesuai tingkatannya. Tetapi yang jelas, semuanya akan merugikan. Jadi berhati-hatilah. Hadapi UAN dengan terbuka dan percaya diri. Percayalah badai akan berlalu. Selamat berjuang...
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